Analysis of Eating Pattern and Behaviour Related to Anemia among Female Students during the Initial Phase of Program “Sapa Remaja” at Al Furqon Islamic Boarding School
Abstract
Anemia and malnutrition are common among female students in boarding schools. Undetected and untreated anemia will cause serious health consequences in the future, therefore raising students’ awareness to prevent anemia is necessary. A program called SAPA REMAJA (Santriwati's Awareness Against Anemia) was initiated at Al Furqon Islamic boarding school, Bantul District, Yogyakarta. This program aimed to establish youth awareness of anemia, as well as to collect information about anemia prevalence and its determinants in the boarding school. Six female students were trained as cadres to perform anthropometry measurements, deliver information, and promote a healthy lifestyle to all female students in boarding school. Total population of the boarding school, 125 female students have participated in this study. Anthropometry measurement was conducted to determine the nutrition status while eating patterns and behavior were assessed using a simple questionnaire. Hemoglobin tests were conducted among female students to determine anemia status. The results showed 2% of students were anemic, 34% were at risk of chronic energy deficiency, 85% rarely consumed animal protein sources of iron, 65% often skipped meals, and only 4% took iron tablets regularly. Descriptive analysis was conducted in this study. Consumption of animal sources of iron was significantly associated with anemia (p-value <0,001), while skipping meals and consumption of balance nutrition were not associated with anemia (p-value 0,16 and 0,90 respectively). The prevalence of anemia and malnutrition is low among female students at Al Furqon boarding school, however, most female students showed poor eating patterns and behavior. Increasing the diversity of dietary intake and practicing healthy behavior could be alternative solutions to improve students’ health status.
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